Vice Chairperson of the National Assembly Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan hasviewed the 2013 Constitution’s regulations on the economic, cultural,educational, scientific and technological and environmental spheres asnew steps helping fuel the nation’s path towards comprehensive renewal,intensive and extensive international integration and sustainabledevelopment.
Ngan, who is also a Politburo member, has madeclear these regulations of the Constitution, which was revised on thebasis of the 1992 document and adopted at the sixth session of the 13thNational Assembly.
On the plane of economics, thelegal document advocates sustainable growth, stating that economicdevelopment must be closely combined with cultural development, theexercise of social progress and equity, and environmental protection,Ngan said.
Differing from the previous constitutions, the2013 Constitution manifests new thoughts about economic sectors, thelegislator said, adding that such sectors are no longer detailed in theConstitution but specified in law and other legal documents.
The Constitution stipulates that the State economy is not identical toState enterprises, stressing the former, not the latter, plays theleading role.
It is the first time that the position and roleof entrepreneurs and enterprises have been acknowledged in theConstitution, Ngan noted.
The legal document also states thatthe State shall develop and improve economic institutions, regulate theeconomy on the basis of respect for market rules; delegate, devolve anddecentralise the powers in the state management; promote regionaleconomic links, and ensure the unity of the national economy.
The State represents owners and uniformly manage natural resources ownedby all the people so that the natural resources and property are usedfor the sake of people.
The right to private ownership and the right to inheritance shall be protected by law, the 2013 Constitution prescribes.
The legal property of individuals and organisations engaged ininvestment, production or business activities is protected by law and isnot subjected to nationalisation.
The document regulates thatland, water resources, mineral resources, resources in the sea andairspace, other natural resources, and property managed or invested inby the State are public property, owned by all the people, andrepresented and uniformly managed by the State.
Whileaffirming that land is a special national resource and an importantresource for national development, and is owned by all the people, theConstitution says the State may recover land currently used byorganisations or individuals in case of extreme necessity prescribed by alaw for national defense or security purposes; or socio-economicdevelopment in the national or public interest. Land recovery must bepublic and transparent, and compensation must be paid in accordance withthe law.
The State may requisition land in casesof extreme necessity prescribed by a law to perform national defense andsecurity tasks or during a state of war or a state of emergency, or inresponse to a natural disaster.
According to thelawmaker, the legal document supplements several articles on Statebudget, national reserve, State financial funds and other publicfinancial resources, which must be uniformly managed by the State andused in an efficient, fair, public, transparent and lawful manner.
Regarding employment, the Constitution states that citizens have theright to work and to choose their occupations, employment andworkplaces.
It also prescribes that everyone has the rightto health protection and care and to equality in the use of medicalservices, and has the obligation to comply with regulations on theprevention of disease and medical examination or treatment.
Regarding social welfare, the Constitution states that the State shallcreate equal opportunities for citizens to enjoy social welfare, developthe social security system, and adopt policies to support elderlypeople, people with disabilities, poor people, and other disadvantagedpeople.
Everyone has the right to enjoy and access culturalvalues, participate in cultural life, and use cultural facilities. TheState and society shall care for the creation and development of anadvanced Vietnamese culture that is deeply imbued with the nationalidentity and has absorbed the cultural quintessence of humanity.
The legal document says all citizens have the right, as well as theobligation, to learn and that education is the country’s top policy.
Everyone has the right to conduct scientific ortechnological research, or literary or artistic creation, and to enjoythe benefits brought about by those activities.
TheConstitution also stresses that scientific and technologicaldevelopment is the country’s top policy, which plays the key role insocio-economic development.
On environmentalprotection, the document affirms that everyone has the right to live in aclean environment and has the obligation to protect the environment.
The State shall adopt environmental protectionpolicies; manage and use natural resources in an efficient andsustainable manner; conserve nature and biodiversity; and take theinitiative in preventing and controlling natural disasters andresponding to climate change.
The NA ViceChairwoman said the regulations have mirrored the Party and State’sviewpoints and policies as well as people’s aspirations for the countryto achieve comprehensive renovation, broader and deeper internationalintegration and sustainable growth on the three pillars of economics,social affairs and environmental protection.
Serving as constitutional grounds, the document provides political andlegal safeguards for the country’s socio-economic development in the newperiods, Ngan said.-VNA
Ngan, who is also a Politburo member, has madeclear these regulations of the Constitution, which was revised on thebasis of the 1992 document and adopted at the sixth session of the 13thNational Assembly.
On the plane of economics, thelegal document advocates sustainable growth, stating that economicdevelopment must be closely combined with cultural development, theexercise of social progress and equity, and environmental protection,Ngan said.
Differing from the previous constitutions, the2013 Constitution manifests new thoughts about economic sectors, thelegislator said, adding that such sectors are no longer detailed in theConstitution but specified in law and other legal documents.
The Constitution stipulates that the State economy is not identical toState enterprises, stressing the former, not the latter, plays theleading role.
It is the first time that the position and roleof entrepreneurs and enterprises have been acknowledged in theConstitution, Ngan noted.
The legal document also states thatthe State shall develop and improve economic institutions, regulate theeconomy on the basis of respect for market rules; delegate, devolve anddecentralise the powers in the state management; promote regionaleconomic links, and ensure the unity of the national economy.
The State represents owners and uniformly manage natural resources ownedby all the people so that the natural resources and property are usedfor the sake of people.
The right to private ownership and the right to inheritance shall be protected by law, the 2013 Constitution prescribes.
The legal property of individuals and organisations engaged ininvestment, production or business activities is protected by law and isnot subjected to nationalisation.
The document regulates thatland, water resources, mineral resources, resources in the sea andairspace, other natural resources, and property managed or invested inby the State are public property, owned by all the people, andrepresented and uniformly managed by the State.
Whileaffirming that land is a special national resource and an importantresource for national development, and is owned by all the people, theConstitution says the State may recover land currently used byorganisations or individuals in case of extreme necessity prescribed by alaw for national defense or security purposes; or socio-economicdevelopment in the national or public interest. Land recovery must bepublic and transparent, and compensation must be paid in accordance withthe law.
The State may requisition land in casesof extreme necessity prescribed by a law to perform national defense andsecurity tasks or during a state of war or a state of emergency, or inresponse to a natural disaster.
According to thelawmaker, the legal document supplements several articles on Statebudget, national reserve, State financial funds and other publicfinancial resources, which must be uniformly managed by the State andused in an efficient, fair, public, transparent and lawful manner.
Regarding employment, the Constitution states that citizens have theright to work and to choose their occupations, employment andworkplaces.
It also prescribes that everyone has the rightto health protection and care and to equality in the use of medicalservices, and has the obligation to comply with regulations on theprevention of disease and medical examination or treatment.
Regarding social welfare, the Constitution states that the State shallcreate equal opportunities for citizens to enjoy social welfare, developthe social security system, and adopt policies to support elderlypeople, people with disabilities, poor people, and other disadvantagedpeople.
Everyone has the right to enjoy and access culturalvalues, participate in cultural life, and use cultural facilities. TheState and society shall care for the creation and development of anadvanced Vietnamese culture that is deeply imbued with the nationalidentity and has absorbed the cultural quintessence of humanity.
The legal document says all citizens have the right, as well as theobligation, to learn and that education is the country’s top policy.
Everyone has the right to conduct scientific ortechnological research, or literary or artistic creation, and to enjoythe benefits brought about by those activities.
TheConstitution also stresses that scientific and technologicaldevelopment is the country’s top policy, which plays the key role insocio-economic development.
On environmentalprotection, the document affirms that everyone has the right to live in aclean environment and has the obligation to protect the environment.
The State shall adopt environmental protectionpolicies; manage and use natural resources in an efficient andsustainable manner; conserve nature and biodiversity; and take theinitiative in preventing and controlling natural disasters andresponding to climate change.
The NA ViceChairwoman said the regulations have mirrored the Party and State’sviewpoints and policies as well as people’s aspirations for the countryto achieve comprehensive renovation, broader and deeper internationalintegration and sustainable growth on the three pillars of economics,social affairs and environmental protection.
Serving as constitutional grounds, the document provides political andlegal safeguards for the country’s socio-economic development in the newperiods, Ngan said.-VNA
